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          LV05-04-线程应用-01-线程池
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看使用工具及版本 </summary>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center" width=150px>Windows</td>        <td align="left">windows11</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Ubuntu</td>        <td align="left">Ubuntu16.04的64位版本</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">VMware® Workstation 16 Pro</td>        <td align="left">16.2.3 build-19376536</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">SecureCRT</td>        <td align="left">Version 8.7.2 (x64 build 2214)   -   正式版-2020年5月14日</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子 i.MX6ULL Linux阿尔法开发板</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">uboot</td>        <td align="left">NXP官方提供的uboot，NXP提供的版本为uboot-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga(使用的uboot版本为U-Boot 2016.03)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">linux内核</td>        <td align="left">linux-4.15(NXP官方提供)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">STM32开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子战舰V3(STM32F103ZET6)</td>      </tr></table>
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看本文参考资料 </summary>
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              <table>    <tr><td align="center">参考方向  </td><td align="center">参考原文</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left">---</td><td align="left"><a href="" target="_blank">--- <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></td></tr></table>
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            </details>

<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看相关文件下载 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center" width=150>---</td>        <td align="left"><a href="" target="_blank">---<i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></td>      </tr></table>
              </div>
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<h1 id="一、线程池原理"><a href="#一、线程池原理" class="headerlink" title="一、线程池原理"></a><font size=3>一、线程池原理</font></h1><p>我们需要使用线程的时候就去创建一个线程，不需要就将线程销毁，但是就会有这样一个问题：如果并发的线程数量很多，并且每个线程都是执行一个时间很短的任务就结束了，这样频繁创建线程就会大大降低系统的效率，因为频繁创建线程和销毁线程都是需要时间的。</p>
<p>这个时候我们就可以使用线程池来解决这个问题了。线程池的<strong>主要思想</strong>是：在进程开始时创建一定数量的线程，并加到线程池中以等待工作。当服务器收到请求时，它会唤醒池内的一个线程（如果有可用线程），并将需要服务的请求传递给它。一旦线程完成了服务，它会返回到池中再等待工作。如果线程池内没有可用线程，那么服务器会等待，直到有空线程为止。</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV05-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F/LV05-04-%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8-01-%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E6%B1%A0/img/image-20230628213732591.png" alt="image-20230628213732591" style="zoom:33%;" />

<h1 id="二、线程池实现"><a href="#二、线程池实现" class="headerlink" title="二、线程池实现"></a><font size=3>二、线程池实现</font></h1><h2 id="1-结构体实现"><a href="#1-结构体实现" class="headerlink" title="1. 结构体实现"></a><font size=3>1. 结构体实现</font></h2><h3 id="1-1-任务结构体"><a href="#1-1-任务结构体" class="headerlink" title="1.1 任务结构体"></a><font size=3>1.1 任务结构体</font></h3><p>我们将使用链表构建一个任务队列，每个任务的结构体成员设计如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">Task</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">void</span> *(*func)(<span class="type">void</span> *arg);<span class="comment">/* 函数指针，指向需要执行的任务函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">void</span> *taskArg;           <span class="comment">/* 任务参数，传递给任务函数的参数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">Task</span> *<span class="title">next</span>;</span>       <span class="comment">/* 指向下一个任务的指针变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125; Task;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【成员说明】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>func</code>，函数指针变量，可以指向一个返回值为<code>void *</code>的带有一个<code>void *</code>类型参数的真实任务函数。</li>
<li><code>taskArg</code>：<code>void </code>类型的指针变量，表示传给执行真实任务的函数的参数。</li>
<li><code>next</code>：指针域，指向下一个任务结构体。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="1-2线程池结构体"><a href="#1-2线程池结构体" class="headerlink" title="1.2线程池结构体"></a><font size=3>1.2线程池结构体</font></h3><p>我们也是通过链表来存储线程池中的各个工作线程，每个工作线程的结构体成员设计如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> POOL_NUM 10 <span class="comment">/* 线程池最大线程数 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">ThreadPool</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">pthread_mutex_t</span> taskLock;<span class="comment">/* 互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">pthread_cond_t</span> newTask;  <span class="comment">/* 条件变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">pthread_t</span> tid[POOL_NUM]; <span class="comment">/* 工作线程的线程号 tid */</span></span><br><span class="line">	Task *queueHead;         <span class="comment">/* 任务队列头指针 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> busyWork;            <span class="comment">/* 线程池中已使用线程数 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;ThreadPool;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="1-3两个结构体联系"><a href="#1-3两个结构体联系" class="headerlink" title="1.3两个结构体联系"></a><font size=3>1.3两个结构体联系</font></h3><p>上边两个结构体的联系如下图所示：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV05-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F/LV05-04-%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8-01-%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E6%B1%A0/img/image-20220527173459949.png" alt="image-20220527173459949" style="zoom:40%;" />

<h2 id="2-线程池初始化"><a href="#2-线程池初始化" class="headerlink" title="2. 线程池初始化"></a><font size=3>2. 线程池初始化</font></h2><h3 id="2-1-实现步骤"><a href="#2-1-实现步骤" class="headerlink" title="2.1 实现步骤"></a><font size=3>2.1 实现步骤</font></h3><ul>
<li>（1）申请线程池的内存空间并判断是否申请成功；</li>
<li>（2）对线程池的各个参数进行初始化；</li>
<li>（3）创建线程，这里要注意不要超过系统可创建的最大线程数。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="2-2-函数实现"><a href="#2-2-函数实现" class="headerlink" title="2.2 函数实现"></a><font size=3>2.2 函数实现</font></h3><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实现源码 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <p>注意先定义一个指向线程池的全局指针变量：</p><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ThreadPool * pool = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;<span class="comment">/* 定义一个线程池，需要申请内存 */</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class="tabs" id="tabname1"><ul class="nav-tabs"><li class="tab active"><a href="#tabname1-1">函数实现</a></li><li class="tab"><a href="#tabname1-2">函数声明</a></li></ul><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-pane active" id="tabname1-1"><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: void threadPoolInit(void)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 线程池初始化</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param   : none</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return  : 返回一个整型数值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *            0,成功;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *           -1,失败</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">threadPoolInit</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1.申请线程池的内存空间 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pool = (ThreadPool *)<span class="built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(ThreadPool));</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2. 判断是否申请成功 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>( pool == <span class="literal">NULL</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;ThreadPool malloc failed!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 3. 初始化互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_init(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock,<span class="literal">NULL</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4. 初始化条件变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_cond_init(&amp;pool-&gt;newTask,<span class="literal">NULL</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 5. 初始化链式任务队列指针 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pool-&gt;queueHead = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 6. 初始化线程池已占用线程数量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pool-&gt;busyWork=<span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 7. 创建所有的工作线程 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; POOL_NUM; i++)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		pthread_create(&amp;pool-&gt;tid[i], <span class="literal">NULL</span>, workThread, (<span class="type">void</span> *)i);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div><div class="tab-pane" id="tabname1-2"><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">threadPoolInit</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span>;<span class="comment">/* 线程池初始化 */</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div></div></div>
              </div>
            </details>

<h2 id="3-线程开始函数"><a href="#3-线程开始函数" class="headerlink" title="3. 线程开始函数"></a><font size=3>3. 线程开始函数</font></h2><h3 id="3-1-实现步骤"><a href="#3-1-实现步骤" class="headerlink" title="3.1 实现步骤"></a><font size=3>3.1 实现步骤</font></h3><p>线程被创建之后，就开始运行线程开始函数，在线程开始函数中我们要做的事有：</p>
<ul>
<li>（1）获取互斥锁</li>
<li>（2）等待条件变量，就是等待任务队列中有任务产生；</li>
<li>（3）收到信号时，从任务队列取出一个任务；</li>
<li>（4）释放互斥锁；</li>
<li>（5）传入任务参数，执行任务函数；</li>
<li>（6）执行完毕后，更新线程池中已被占用的线程数量。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="3-2-函数实现"><a href="#3-2-函数实现" class="headerlink" title="3.2 函数实现"></a><font size=3>3.2 函数实现</font></h3><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实现源码 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <div class="tabs" id="tabname2"><ul class="nav-tabs"><li class="tab active"><a href="#tabname2-1">函数实现</a></li><li class="tab"><a href="#tabname2-2">函数声明</a></li></ul><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-pane active" id="tabname2-1"><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: void *workThread(void *arg)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 线程池中线程的运行函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param arg : 线程创建函数传递给工作线程的参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return    : 返回一个void指针类型数据</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> *<span class="title function_">workThread</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *arg)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 定义一个任务结构体指针变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	Task *ptask;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;This is %d thread\n&quot;</span>, (<span class="type">int</span>)arg);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span>(<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 获取互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);  </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 等待条件变量信号(收到信号时会唤醒至少一个线程) */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pthread_cond_wait(&amp;pool-&gt;newTask, &amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Thread [%ld] execution,working[%d]!&quot;</span>,pthread_self(), pool-&gt;busyWork);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 从链式任务队列取出一个任务 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		ptask = pool-&gt;queueHead;<span class="comment">/* 指向任务队列的头节点 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pool-&gt;queueHead = pool-&gt;queueHead-&gt;next;<span class="comment">/* 头指针指向下一个任务节点 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 解除互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 线程执行任务函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		ptask-&gt;func(ptask-&gt;taskArg);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 更新线程池已占用线程数量(任务函数执行完毕后，线程空闲) */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pool-&gt;busyWork--;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> (<span class="type">void</span> *)<span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div><div class="tab-pane" id="tabname2-2"><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> *<span class="title function_">workThread</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *arg)</span>;<span class="comment">/* 线程池中线程的运行函数 */</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div></div></div>
              </div>
            </details>

<h2 id="4-添加任务"><a href="#4-添加任务" class="headerlink" title="4. 添加任务"></a><font size=3>4. 添加任务</font></h2><h3 id="4-1-实现步骤"><a href="#4-1-实现步骤" class="headerlink" title="4.1 实现步骤"></a><font size=3>4.1 实现步骤</font></h3><ul>
<li>（1）获取互斥锁</li>
<li>（2）判断线程池中是否还有空闲的线程可以执行任务，若没有则释放互斥锁，休眠等待，进行下一轮判断前要先获取已经释放的互斥锁；</li>
<li>（3）申请新任务节点内存，并判断是否申请成功；</li>
<li>（4）对新任务进行初始化；</li>
<li>（5）添加新任务到任务队列，任务队列是链表，注意插入的方式；</li>
<li>（6）新任务到来，需要唤醒一个线程，所以这里已占用线程数需要更新一下；</li>
<li>（7）发送有新任务的信号，至少唤醒一个空闲线程即可。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="4-2-函数实现"><a href="#4-2-函数实现" class="headerlink" title="4.2 函数实现"></a><font size=3>4.2 函数实现</font></h3><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实现源码 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <div class="tabs" id="tabname3"><ul class="nav-tabs"><li class="tab active"><a href="#tabname3-1">函数实现</a></li><li class="tab"><a href="#tabname3-2">函数声明</a></li></ul><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-pane active" id="tabname3-1"><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: int poolAddTask(int taskArg)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 向任务队列中添加新的任务节点</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param taskArg : 递给实际执行的任务函数的参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return  : 返回一个整型数值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *            0,成功;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *           -1,失败</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">poolAddTask</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> taskArg)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1. 定义两个任务链表结构体指针变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	Task * newTask;</span><br><span class="line">	Task * p;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);<span class="comment">/* 获取互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2. 判断线程池中是否还有线程可以执行新添加的任务 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span>(pool-&gt;busyWork &gt;= POOL_NUM)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);<span class="comment">/* 解除互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		usleep(<span class="number">10000</span>);<span class="comment">/* us休眠 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);  <span class="comment">/* 获取互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock); <span class="comment">/* 解除互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 3. 申请新线程任务节点内存 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	newTask = (Task *)<span class="built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(Task));</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4. 判断是否申请成功 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>( newTask == <span class="literal">NULL</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;newTask malloc failed!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 5. 对新建的任务节点进行初始化 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	newTask-&gt;func =  realWork;<span class="comment">/* 线程运行函数中所执行的真正的任务内容函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	newTask-&gt;taskArg = (<span class="type">void</span> *)taskArg;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 6. 添加新任务到链式任务队列 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);<span class="comment">/* 获取互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	p = pool-&gt;queueHead;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(p == <span class="literal">NULL</span>)<span class="comment">/* 判断线程池是否为空 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		pool-&gt;queueHead = newTask;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">while</span>(p-&gt;next != <span class="literal">NULL</span>)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			p = p-&gt;next;</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		p-&gt;next = newTask;<span class="comment">/* 新任务添加到线程池链表结尾 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 7. 更新已使用线程数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pool-&gt;busyWork++;<span class="comment">/* 已使用线程数加一 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 8. 发送信号到工作线程 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_cond_signal(&amp;pool-&gt;newTask);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);<span class="comment">/* 解除互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div><div class="tab-pane" id="tabname3-2"><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">poolAddTask</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> taskArg)</span>;<span class="comment">/* 向任务队列中添加新的任务节点 */</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div></div></div>
              </div>
            </details>

<h2 id="5-任务函数"><a href="#5-任务函数" class="headerlink" title="5. 任务函数"></a><font size=3>5. 任务函数</font></h2><p>线程调用的任务函数，这里的休眠时间的延长可以更好的反映实验现象。</p>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实现源码 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <div class="tabs" id="tabname4"><ul class="nav-tabs"><li class="tab active"><a href="#tabname4-1">函数实现</a></li><li class="tab"><a href="#tabname4-2">函数声明</a></li></ul><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-pane active" id="tabname4-1"><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: void *realWork(void *taskArg)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 线程池任务执行内容函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param taskArg : 任务参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return    : 返回(void *)0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> *<span class="title function_">realWork</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *taskArg)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot; Finish work %d\n&quot;</span>,(<span class="type">int</span>)taskArg);</span><br><span class="line">	sleep(<span class="number">2</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> (<span class="type">void</span> *)<span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div><div class="tab-pane" id="tabname4-2"><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> *<span class="title function_">realWork</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *arg)</span>;<span class="comment">/* 线程池中线程执行的任务函数 */</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div></div></div>
              </div>
            </details>

<h2 id="6-线程池销毁"><a href="#6-线程池销毁" class="headerlink" title="6. 线程池销毁"></a><font size=3>6. 线程池销毁</font></h2><h3 id="6-1-销毁步骤"><a href="#6-1-销毁步骤" class="headerlink" title="6.1 销毁步骤"></a><font size=3>6.1 销毁步骤</font></h3><p>任务全部执行完毕后，进程结束，需要销毁线程池，释放内存：</p>
<ul>
<li>（1）释放任务链表所有节点内存；</li>
<li>（2）销毁互斥锁；</li>
<li>（3）销毁条件变量，这里需要注意一下，是若有个线程在<code>pthread_cond_wait</code>等着，那这个条件变量就不能销毁，高版本的<code>Ubuntu</code>会卡死，低版本应该是不会的，这也是<code>Ubuntu</code>的一个优化吧，应该还有其他解决办法可以兼顾，不过自己也是初学，随着后边深入学习，解决了再更新这里吧。</li>
<li>（4）销毁线程池。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="6-2-函数实现"><a href="#6-2-函数实现" class="headerlink" title="6.2 函数实现"></a><font size=3>6.2 函数实现</font></h3><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实现源码 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <div class="tabs" id="tabname5"><ul class="nav-tabs"><li class="tab active"><a href="#tabname5-1">函数实现</a></li><li class="tab"><a href="#tabname5-2">函数声明</a></li></ul><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-pane active" id="tabname5-1"><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: void poolDestory(void)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 线程池销毁</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param   : none</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return  : none</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">poolDestory</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1. 定义一个任务链表结构体指针变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	Task * p;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2. 释放线程任务节点 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span>(pool-&gt;queueHead != <span class="literal">NULL</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		p = pool-&gt;queueHead;</span><br><span class="line">		pool-&gt;queueHead = pool-&gt;queueHead-&gt;next;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">free</span>(p);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 释放互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_destroy(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 释放条件变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 是因为有个线程在pthread_cond_wait等着，所以不能销毁，高版本的Ubuntu会卡死，低版本应该是不会的，这也是Ubuntu的一个优化把 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// pthread_cond_destroy(&amp;pool-&gt;newTask);</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">free</span>(pool);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;free end!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div><div class="tab-pane" id="tabname5-2"><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">poolDestory</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span>;<span class="comment">/* 线程池销毁 */</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div></div></div>
              </div>
            </details>

<h1 id="三、完整实例"><a href="#三、完整实例" class="headerlink" title="三、完整实例"></a><font size=3>三、完整实例</font></h1><h2 id="1-main-c"><a href="#1-main-c" class="headerlink" title="1. main.c"></a><font size=3>1. main.c</font></h2><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看详情 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&quot;pthread_pool.h&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 主函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> ret = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	threadPoolInit();</span><br><span class="line">	sleep(<span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Start create Task!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; <span class="number">20</span>; i++)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		ret = poolAddTask(i);</span><br><span class="line">		sleep(<span class="number">0.5</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(ret == <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Add task[%d] success!\n&quot;</span>, i);</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Add task[%d] failed!\n&quot;</span>, i);</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	sleep(<span class="number">5</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	poolDestory();</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h2 id="2-pthread-pool-c"><a href="#2-pthread-pool-c" class="headerlink" title="2. pthread_pool.c"></a><font size=3>2. pthread_pool.c</font></h2><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看详情 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br><span class="line">113</span><br><span class="line">114</span><br><span class="line">115</span><br><span class="line">116</span><br><span class="line">117</span><br><span class="line">118</span><br><span class="line">119</span><br><span class="line">120</span><br><span class="line">121</span><br><span class="line">122</span><br><span class="line">123</span><br><span class="line">124</span><br><span class="line">125</span><br><span class="line">126</span><br><span class="line">127</span><br><span class="line">128</span><br><span class="line">129</span><br><span class="line">130</span><br><span class="line">131</span><br><span class="line">132</span><br><span class="line">133</span><br><span class="line">134</span><br><span class="line">135</span><br><span class="line">136</span><br><span class="line">137</span><br><span class="line">138</span><br><span class="line">139</span><br><span class="line">140</span><br><span class="line">141</span><br><span class="line">142</span><br><span class="line">143</span><br><span class="line">144</span><br><span class="line">145</span><br><span class="line">146</span><br><span class="line">147</span><br><span class="line">148</span><br><span class="line">149</span><br><span class="line">150</span><br><span class="line">151</span><br><span class="line">152</span><br><span class="line">153</span><br><span class="line">154</span><br><span class="line">155</span><br><span class="line">156</span><br><span class="line">157</span><br><span class="line">158</span><br><span class="line">159</span><br><span class="line">160</span><br><span class="line">161</span><br><span class="line">162</span><br><span class="line">163</span><br><span class="line">164</span><br><span class="line">165</span><br><span class="line">166</span><br><span class="line">167</span><br><span class="line">168</span><br><span class="line">169</span><br><span class="line">170</span><br><span class="line">171</span><br><span class="line">172</span><br><span class="line">173</span><br><span class="line">174</span><br><span class="line">175</span><br><span class="line">176</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&quot;pthread_pool.h&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ThreadPool * pool = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;<span class="comment">/* 定义一个线程池，需要申请内存 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: void *workThread(void *arg)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 线程池中线程的运行函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param arg : 线程创建函数传递给工作线程的参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return    : 返回一个void指针类型数据</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> *<span class="title function_">workThread</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *arg)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 定义一个任务结构体指针变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	Task *ptask;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;This is %d thread\n&quot;</span>, (<span class="type">int</span>)arg);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span>(<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 获取互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);  </span><br><span class="line">		</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 等待条件变量信号(收到信号时会唤醒至少一个线程) */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pthread_cond_wait(&amp;pool-&gt;newTask, &amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Thread [%ld] execution,working[%d]!&quot;</span>,pthread_self(), pool-&gt;busyWork);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 从链式任务队列取出一个任务 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		ptask = pool-&gt;queueHead;<span class="comment">/* 指向任务队列的头节点 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pool-&gt;queueHead = pool-&gt;queueHead-&gt;next;<span class="comment">/* 头指针指向下一个任务节点 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 解除互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 线程执行任务函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		ptask-&gt;func(ptask-&gt;taskArg);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 更新线程池已占用线程数量(任务函数执行完毕后，线程空闲) */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pool-&gt;busyWork--;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> (<span class="type">void</span> *)<span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: void threadPoolInit(void)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 线程池初始化</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param   : none</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return  : 返回一个整型数值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *            0,成功;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *           -1,失败</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">threadPoolInit</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1.申请线程池的内存空间 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pool = (ThreadPool *)<span class="built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(ThreadPool));</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2. 判断是否申请成功 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>( pool == <span class="literal">NULL</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;ThreadPool malloc failed!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 3. 初始化互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_init(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock,<span class="literal">NULL</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4. 初始化条件变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_cond_init(&amp;pool-&gt;newTask,<span class="literal">NULL</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 5. 初始化链式任务队列指针 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pool-&gt;queueHead = <span class="literal">NULL</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 6. 初始化线程池已占用线程数量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pool-&gt;busyWork=<span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 7. 创建所有的工作线程 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; POOL_NUM; i++)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		pthread_create(&amp;pool-&gt;tid[i], <span class="literal">NULL</span>, workThread, (<span class="type">void</span> *)i);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: int poolAddTask(int taskArg)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 向任务队列中添加新的任务节点</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param taskArg : 递给实际执行的任务函数的参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return  : 返回一个整型数值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *            0,成功;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *           -1,失败</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">poolAddTask</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> taskArg)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1. 定义两个任务链表结构体指针变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	Task * newTask;</span><br><span class="line">	Task * p;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);<span class="comment">/* 获取互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2. 判断线程池中是否还有线程可以执行新添加的任务 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span>(pool-&gt;busyWork &gt;= POOL_NUM)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);<span class="comment">/* 解除互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		usleep(<span class="number">10000</span>);<span class="comment">/* us休眠 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);  <span class="comment">/* 获取互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock); <span class="comment">/* 解除互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 3. 申请新线程任务节点内存 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	newTask = (Task *)<span class="built_in">malloc</span>(<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(Task));</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4. 判断是否申请成功 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>( newTask == <span class="literal">NULL</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;newTask malloc failed!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 5. 对新建的任务节点进行初始化 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	newTask-&gt;func =  realWork;<span class="comment">/* 线程运行函数中所执行的真正的任务内容函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	newTask-&gt;taskArg = (<span class="type">void</span> *)taskArg;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 6. 添加新任务到链式任务队列 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);<span class="comment">/* 获取互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	p = pool-&gt;queueHead;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(p == <span class="literal">NULL</span>)<span class="comment">/* 判断线程池是否为空 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		pool-&gt;queueHead = newTask;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">while</span>(p-&gt;next != <span class="literal">NULL</span>)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			p = p-&gt;next;</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		p-&gt;next = newTask;<span class="comment">/* 新任务添加到线程池链表结尾 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 7. 更新已使用线程数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pool-&gt;busyWork++;<span class="comment">/* 已使用线程数加一 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 8. 发送信号到工作线程 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_cond_signal(&amp;pool-&gt;newTask);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);<span class="comment">/* 解除互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: void *realWork(void *taskArg)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 线程池任务执行内容函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param taskArg : 任务参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return    : 返回(void *)0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> *<span class="title function_">realWork</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *taskArg)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot; Finish work %d\n&quot;</span>,(<span class="type">int</span>)taskArg);</span><br><span class="line">	sleep(<span class="number">2</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> (<span class="type">void</span> *)<span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: void poolDestory(void)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 线程池销毁</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param   : none</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return  : none</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">poolDestory</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1. 定义一个任务链表结构体指针变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	Task * p;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2. 释放线程任务节点 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span>(pool-&gt;queueHead != <span class="literal">NULL</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		p = pool-&gt;queueHead;</span><br><span class="line">		pool-&gt;queueHead = pool-&gt;queueHead-&gt;next;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">free</span>(p);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 释放互斥锁 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	pthread_mutex_destroy(&amp;pool-&gt;taskLock);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 释放条件变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 是因为有个线程在pthread_cond_wait等着，所以不能销毁，高版本的Ubuntu会卡死，低版本应该是不会的，这也是Ubuntu的一个优化把 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// pthread_cond_destroy(&amp;pool-&gt;newTask);</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">free</span>(pool);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;free end!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h2 id="3-pthread-pool-h"><a href="#3-pthread-pool-h" class="headerlink" title="3. pthread_pool.h"></a><font size=3>3. pthread_pool.h</font></h2><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看详情 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">ifndef</span> __THREAD_POOL_H</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> __THREAD_POOL_H</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;pthread.h&gt;</span><span class="comment">/* pthread_create pthread_exit pthread_cancel pthread_self */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;unistd.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* sleep */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;string.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* strerror */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdlib.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* malloc */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 任务结构体定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">Task</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">void</span> *(*func)(<span class="type">void</span> *arg);<span class="comment">/* 函数指针，指向需要执行的任务函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">void</span> *taskArg;           <span class="comment">/* 任务参数，传递给任务函数的参数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">Task</span> *<span class="title">next</span>;</span>       <span class="comment">/* 指向下一个任务的指针变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125; Task;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 线程池结构体的定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> POOL_NUM 10 <span class="comment">/* 线程池最大线程数 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">ThreadPool</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">pthread_mutex_t</span> taskLock;<span class="comment">/* 互斥变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">pthread_cond_t</span> newTask;  <span class="comment">/* 条件变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">pthread_t</span> tid[POOL_NUM]; <span class="comment">/* 线程池中线程的线程号 tid */</span></span><br><span class="line">	Task *queueHead;         <span class="comment">/* 指向任务队列队头的指针 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> busyWork;            <span class="comment">/* 线程池已在执行任务的线程数 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;ThreadPool;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">extern</span> ThreadPool * pool;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> *<span class="title function_">workThread</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *arg)</span>;<span class="comment">/* 线程池中线程的运行函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">threadPoolInit</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span>;<span class="comment">/* 线程池初始化 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">poolAddTask</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> taskArg)</span>;<span class="comment">/* 向任务队列中添加新的任务节点 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> *<span class="title function_">realWork</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *arg)</span>;<span class="comment">/* 线程池中线程执行的任务函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">poolDestory</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span>;<span class="comment">/* 线程池销毁 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">endif</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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    <p><span>文章标题:</span><a href="/post/2d62d275.html">LV05-04-线程应用-01-线程池</a></p>
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